Design Principles

Similarity

Similar elements are perceived as more related than dissimilar ones, enhancing connections in design.

The principle of similarity, a Gestalt perception principle, states that similar elements are perceived as a single group, enhancing their relatedness. For example, a matrix of dots and squares is interpreted as rows due to the visual similarity. This grouping reduces complexity, while dissimilar elements are viewed as separate. Color similarity is the most effective, followed by size and then shape. Designers should use similarity to convey relationships, keeping colors and shapes simple for stronger grouping effects.

iherb website
iHerb effectively applies the Similarity Principle. 'Shop by category' features large icons with rounded, gray backgrounds, while subcategories are displayed as subtle, gray buttons without icons. This design reduces visual noise and enhances navigation.
Takeaways
  • Grouping Impact: Similar elements enhance perceived relatedness.
  • Complexity Reduction: Visual similarity simplifies design.
  • Effective Similarity: Use color for strong grouping; size and shape are secondary.